Airlines are continuing to cancel and divert flights serving the Middle East after the US and Israel launched strikes against Iran.
British Airways and Virgin Atlantic are among carriers to have grounded flights to the region, with all flights in and out of Dubai International and Al Maktoum International airport in Dubai suspended.
The disruption has had a knock-on effect on other long-haul travel as airspace remains closed or restricted. Heathrow has urged travellers to check with their airline before setting out.
Iran launched retaliatory attacks including on Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The UK Foreign Office has urged British nationals to shelter in place.
Emirates has suspended all its operations in and out of Dubai until 15:00 local time (13:00 GMT) on Sunday due to airspace closures across the region, while Etihad suspended flights out of Abu Dhabi until 14:00 local time.
British Airways has cancelled services to Tel Aviv and Bahrain until Wednesday.
It said services between Heathrow and Abu Dhabi, Amman, Bahrain, Doha, Dubai or Tel Aviv could be affected for several days.
Sarah Short was due to return from a holiday in Dubai to Heathrow.
“We got on the plane and were literally about to taxi when the pilot said: ‘We have some bad news – we’re not going anywhere’,” she told the BBC. “We then sat on the plane on the tarmac for over three hours.”
Airspaces over Iran, Israel, Iraq, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Syria and the UAE remain closed on Sunday morning, while there is a partial closure in Saudi Arabia. Jordanian and Lebanese airspace remains open but there is limited flight activity.
Virgin Atlantic said it was suspending services between Heathrow and Riyadh on Sunday, after earlier cancelling flights from Heathrow to Dubai on Saturday and Sunday.
It has warned that flights to India, Saudi Arabia and the Maldives may take longer due to them being rerouted around the affected region.
Virgin is among airlines across Europe, Asia and the Middle East that have had to cancel or reroute flights to avoid the closed or restricted airspace.
Tracking shows flights between Europe and Asia travelling via Saudi Arabia or the Caucasus.
Emma Belcher and her husband Vic were on their way back to Heathrow from a holiday in the Maldives via Dubai when their connecting flight was cancelled.
“There is absolutely no information about when they might open airspace so we don’t know how long we’ll be here,” she said.
“We were really looking forward to getting home to see the children as we haven’t been away without them before.”
